Mithraism Essay -- Cult Religion Rome Roman

MithraismMithraism is the ancient papist mystery madness of the god Mithras. Roman theology of Mithras began sometime during the earlyish Roman empire, perhaps during the late first century of the Common period (hereafter CE), and flourished from the second through the fourth centuries CE. While it is fairly certain that Romans encountered worship of the deity Mithras as part of Zoroastrianism in the eastern provinces of the empire, particularly in Asia Minor (now modern Turkey), the exact origins of cult practices in the Roman cult of Mithras remain controversial (see below). The evidence for this cult is mostly archaeological, consisting of the remains of mithraistic temples, dedicatory inscriptions, and iconographic representations of the god and other aspects of the cult in infernal region sculpture, sculpted stone relief, wall painting, and mosaic. There is very little literary evidence pertaining to the cult.The god Mitra, Mithra, MithrasMithras is the Roman name for th e Indo-Iranian god Mitra, or Mithra, as he was called by the Persians. Mitra is part of the Hindu pantheon, and Mithra is one of several yazatas (minor deities) under Ahura-Mazda in the Zoroastrian pantheon. Mithra is the god of the airy light mingled with heaven and earth, but he is also associated with the light of the sun, and with contracts and mediation. Neither in Hinduism nor in Zoroastrianism did Mitra/Mithra have his hold cult. Mitra is mentioned in the Hindu Vedas, while Mithra is is the subject of Yashts (hymns) in the Zoroastrian Avesta, a text compiled during the Sassanian period (224-640 CE) to preserve a much older verbal tradition.Possible Eastern Origins of the Roman CultThe precise relationship between the Roman cult of Mithras as it developed during ... ...umont, F. Textes et monuments figurés relatifs aux mystères de Mithra. 2 vols. Brussels, 1896, 1899.Cumont, F. The Mysteries of Mithra. Trans. T. J. McCormack. London, 1903, reprint invigorated York, 1956.Hinnells, J., ed. Mithraic Studies. 2 vols. Manchester, 1975.Merkelbach, R. Mithras. Königstein, 1984.Renan, E. Marc-Aurèle et la fin du monde antique. Paris, 1882.Stark, K. B. Die Mithrasstein von Dormagen, Jahrbücher diethylstilboestrol Vereins von Altertumsfreunden im Rheinlande 46 (1869) 1-25.Swerdlow, N. Review Article On the Cosmical Mysteries of Mithras, Classical Philology 86 (1991) 48-63.Turcan, R. Mithras Platonicus. Leiden, 1975.Ulansey, D. The Origins of the Mithraic Mysteries. New York and Oxford, 1989.Vermaseren, M. J. Corpus inscriptionum et monumentorum religionis mithriacae. 2 vols. The Hague, 1956, 1960.